Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Different Bacteria and Optimization of the Process Parameters using Proteus vulgaris
R. Narayanan1, S. Jiji2, K. Kadirvelu3, N. Gopalan4, K. Sekhar5
1R. Narayanan, DRDO-BU Center for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University Campus, Coimbatore, India.
2S. Jiji, DRDO-BU Center for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University Campus, Coimbatore, India.
3K. Kadirvelu, DRDO-BU Center for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University Campus, Coimbatore, India.
4N. Gopalan, Defence Research Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior, India.
5K. Sekhar, Defence Research Development Organisation, Ministry of Defence, New Delhi, India.
Manuscript received on February 03, 2016. | Revised Manuscript received on February 15, 2016. | Manuscript published on February 29, 2016. | PP: 10-17 | Volume-3 Issue-2, February 2016. | Retrieval Number: B0362023216
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© The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: In recent years, biosynthesis of nanoparticles has gained significant interest over chemical and physical synthesis, because of their eco-friendly unique properties and applications. In the present study, an attempt was made to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by optimizing the process variables using various bacterial species to get the consistency in the size and shape of the nanoparticles. The bacterial species used were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella paratyphi, Yersinia entero, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella flexneri, Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Bacillius thuringinesis. Different process variables including time, temperature and silver nitrate concentrations were optimized to obtain the uniform size and shape of AgNPs. Among the different bacterial species studied, Proteus vulgaris was found to be the most suitable one for the proposed application. Spectroscopy and electron microscopic characterizations reveal that the biosynthesized AgNPs were uniform in size with spherical form and particles size ranging from 5-10 nm. In order to know the utility of the biosynthesized AgNPs, cytotoxic effects and antibacterial activities were undertaken using RAW-264.17 cells and pathogenic bacterial cultures respectively. Results of the antibacterial studies reveal that, bio-synthesized AgNPs were capable of inhibiting the growth of tested bacterial species at a concentration of 10-30 µg/ml. The cytotoxic studies with RAW-264.17 cells further reveal that AgNPs had shown significant anti-cell proliferation effect against the studied cells with a concentration of 10-50 µg/ml. Based on the studies it is concluded that the established method in the present study is a viable alternative for cumbersome chemical synthesis of AgNPs with significant antimicrobial properties. The AgNPs obtained can be used in the preparation of different antiseptic formulations.
Keywords: Bacteria, Silver-nanoparticles, optimization, Electron microscopy, antimicrobial activity, anti-cancerous activity.